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Poe, Edgar Allan (1809-1849), American writer, known as a  poet  and  critic
but most famous as the first master of  the  short  story  form,  especially
tales of the mysterious and macabre.

Poe was born in Boston on January 19, 1809.  His  parents,  touring  actors,
both died in Poe's early childhood, and the boy was raised by John Allan,  a
successful  businessman  of  Richmond,  Virginia  who  was  presumably   his
godfather. Taken by the Allan family to England at the age of  six,  he  was
placed in a private school. Upon returning to the United States in  1820  he
continued to study  in  private  schools  and  attended  the  University  of
Virginia for a year, but in 1827 his foster father, displeased by the  young
man's drinking and gambling, refused to pay his  debts  and  forced  him  to
work as a clerk.

Poe, disliking his new duties  intensely,  left  the  job,  thus  estranging
Allan, and went to Boston. There his first book, Tamerlane and  Other  Poems
(1827), was published anonymously. Shortly afterwards Poe  enlisted  in  the
US Army and served a 2-year term. In 1829 his second  volume  of  verse,  Al
Aaraaf, was published, and he effected  a  reconciliation  with  Allan,  who
secured him an appointment to the US Military  Academy.  After  only  a  few
months at the academy Poe was dismissed for neglect of duty, and his  foster
father disowned him permanently.

Poe's third book, Poems, appeared in 1831, and the following year  he  moved
to Baltimore, where he lived with his aunt  and  her  11-year-old  daughter,
Virginia Clemm. The following year his tale “A MS. Found in a Bottle” won  a
contest sponsored by the Baltimore Saturday Visitor. From 1835 to  1837  Poe
was an editor of the Southern Literary Messenger. In  1836  he  married  his
young cousin. Through the next decade, much  of  which  was  marred  by  his
wife's long illness, Poe worked as an  editor  for  various  periodicals  in
Philadelphia and New York. In 1847 Virginia  died  and  Poe  himself  became
ill; his disastrous alcohol addiction and his alleged use of drugs may  have
contributed to his early death in Baltimore, on October 7, 1849.


Stories

Poe, by his own choice, was a poet, but economic  necessity  forced  him  to
turn to the relatively  profitable  genre  of  prose.  Whether  or  not  Poe
invented the short story, it is certain that  he  originated  the  novel  of
detection. Perhaps his best-known tale in  this  genre  is  “The  Gold  Bug”
(1843), about a search for buried treasure. “The Murders in the Rue  Morgue”
(1841), “The  Mystery  of  Marie  Rogkt”  (1842-1843),  and  “The  Purloined
Letter” (1844) are regarded  as  predecessors  of  the  modern  mystery,  or
detective, story.

Many of Poe's tales are  distinguished  by  the  author's  unique  grotesque
inventiveness in addition to his  superb  plot  construction.  Such  stories
include “The Fall of the House of Usher” (1839); “The Pit and the  Pendulum”
(1842); “The Tell-Tale Heart” (1843); and “The Cask of Amontillado” (1846).


tale                              -рассказ
mysterious                        -таинственный
Macabre                           -жуткий
touring actors                    -бродячие артисты
to raise                          -вырастить
successful                        -успешный
presumably                        -вероятно, возможно
godfather                         -крестный отец
upon                              -после
to attend                         -посещать
displeased                        -недовольный
debt                              -долг
to force                          -вынуждать
duty                              -обязанность
intensely                         сильно
thus                              -таким образом
to estrange                       -отстранять, отдалять
shortly                           -вскоре
afterwards                        -в будущем
to enlist                         -добровольно поступать на военную службу
to serve                          -служить
volume                            -книга
verse                             -стих
reconciliation                    -примирение
to secure                         -гарантировать
appointment                 -назначение
to dismiss                        -увольнять
neglect                           -пренебрежение
disown                            -отрекаться
permanently                 -неизменно
to appear                         -появляться
contest                           -состязание
to sponsor                        -устраивать
to mar                            -портить
disastrous                        -бедственная
addiction                         -пагубная привычка
alleged                           -предполагаемое
to contribute                     -способствовать
to force                          -вынуждать
relatively                        -относительно
profitable                        -доходный, прибыльный
genre                             -жанр
whether or not                    -так или иначе
to invent                         -придумывать
certain                           -известный
to originate                           -создать
perhaps                           -возможно
buried                            -зарытые
to regard                         -считать
predecessor                 -предшественник
to distinguish                    -отличаются
grotesque                         -нелепый
in addition                       -в дополнение
superb                            -превосходный
plot                              -сюжет
                                translation:

      Эдгар Алан По (1809-1849), американский писатель, известный как поэт и
критик,  но  наиболее  известен  как  мастер  коротких   историй,   особенно
рассказов про таинственное и жуткое.
      По родился в Бостоне в 19 января 1809  года.  Его  родители,  бродячие
артисты, оба умерли еще в его  раннем  детстве.  И  мальчика  вырастил  Джон
Алан, успешный бизнесмен из Ричмонда, Виржиния,  который  возможно  был  его
крестным отцом. В шесть лет семья Аланов забрала его в Англию,  где  он  был
помещен в частную школу. После возвращения в Соединенные  Штаты  в  1820  он
продолжил обучение в частной  школе  и  посещал  университет  в  Виржинии  в
течение года. Но в  1827  году  его  приемный  отец,  недовольный  тем,  что
молодой человек  злоупотребляет  спиртными  напитками  и  азартными  играми,
отказался оплачивать его долги и вынудил его работать клерком.
      По сильно невзлюбил свои  новые  обязанности,  оставил  работу,  таким
образом, отдаляя Алана, и поехал в Бостон. Там его первая книга,  «Tamerlane
and Other Poems» (1827), была опубликована анонимно.  В  скором  будущем  По
поступил на военную службу в американскую армию и  прослужил   два  года.  В
1829 году его вторая книга стихов, « Al Aaraaf»,  была  опубликована,  и  он
помирился с Аланом,  который  гарантировал  ему  назначение  в  американскую
военную академию.  После нескольких месяцев в  академии  По  был  уволен  за
пренебрежение своими обязанностями, и его приемный отец  отказался  от  него
навсегда.
                                  Summary:

      Edgar Allan Poe is American writer, known as the first master  of  the
short story, especially tales of the mysterious.
      He was born in Boston on January 19, 1809. His parents died and he was
raised by John Allan, who was presumably his godfather. Poe was placed in  a
private school. Later he attended the University for a year, but his  foster
father, displeased by the Poe`s drinking and gambling, refused  to  pay  his
debts and forced him to work as a clerk. Poe left  a  job,  thus  estranging
Allan.
      He begins to write. His first book, “Tamerlane and Other  Poems”,  was
published anonymously. His second volume of verse “Al Aaraaf”.  Poe`s  third
book, “Poems”, appeared in 1831. The following year his tale  “A  Ms.  Found
in a Bottle” won a contest. From 1835 to 1837 Poe was an editor.
      In 1836 he married his young cousin. Through the next decade, much  of
which was marred by his wife`s illness, Poe worked as an editor for  various
periodicals. In 1847 his wife died and Poe himself became ill.  He  died  in
October 7,1849.
                                 Questions:

    V What did he do from 1835 to 1837?
    V What was his wife?
    V What is the name of his first book?
    V When did he die?



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[pic]


             The taganrog state university of radio engineering



                             Creative Activity:

                              “Edgar Allan Poe”



Reporter:                                    student gr. M-51
                                                  Palanskaya T.
Teacher:                                     Tarasenko o.s.



                                  Taganrog
                                    2002
 



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